{"id":989,"date":"2012-10-11T04:16:09","date_gmt":"2012-10-11T04:16:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.photoshopessentials.com\/?p=989"},"modified":"2019-04-13T11:35:54","modified_gmt":"2019-04-13T15:35:54","slug":"keystoning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.photoshopessentials.com\/newsite\/photo-editing\/keystoning\/","title":{"rendered":"Perspective Correction In Photoshop &#8211; Repairing Keystoning"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"author\">Written by Steve Patterson.<\/div>\n<p>Have you ever tried taking a photo of a building only to have the building look like it's leaning backwards? That's a perspective problem known as <strong>keystoning<\/strong>, and it's caused by the building and the camera lens being on two different angles. <\/p>\n<p>Usually, unless you're fond of climbing trees or you have a friend at the fire department, standing on the ground and tilting the camera back a bit is the only way to get  the top of a tall building into the photo, and since the camera is tilted away from the building when you snap the image, with the top of the lens being further away from it than the bottom of the lens, the building ends up looking like its leaning backwards. This problem actually exists any time you need to tilt the camera back to get something tall into the photo but it's most noticeable with buildings due to their straight parallel sides. <\/p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n.adslot-pr2 { display: inline-block; width:300px; float:right; margin: 6px 0px 12px 20px; }\n@media (max-width: 767px) { .adslot-pr2 { display: none; } }\n<\/style><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<!-- 300x250 photo editing top responsive -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle adslot-pr2\"     \n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6601556224092982\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"4356542292\"\n     data-ad-format=\"rectangle\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<p>Keystoning can sometimes be a desirable effect since it can add a real sense of drama to the image. However, there are  times when you'll wish there was some way to correct this perspective problem, and Photoshop gives us a few different ways to go about it. Up until recently, we had a choice of using either the Crop Tool or the Free Transform command, but in Photoshop CS2, Adobe introduced the powerful <strong>Lens Correction<\/strong> filter which quickly replaced those other two methods as the fastest and easiest way to correct keystoning. We'll look at how to use the Lens Correction filter in this tutorial. I'll be using Photoshop CS4 here, but any version of Photoshop from CS2 on up will work.<\/p>\n<aside><p class=\"members-ad-top\"><a href=\"\/print-ready-pdfs\/\">Download all of our Photoshop tutorials as PDFs!<\/a><\/p><\/aside>\n<p>Here's the photo I'll be using. Notice how the building appears to be leaning backwards with the sides tilted inward rather than being parallel to each other as they should be:<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pe-images.s3.amazonaws.com\/photo-editing\/keystoning\/brescia-university-college.jpg\" alt=\"A photo suffering from keystoning in Photoshop. Image &copy; 2009 Steve Patterson.\" width=\"700\" height=\"344\" \/>\n<div class=\"image-desc\">The original image with the building appearing to lean backwards.<\/div>\n<p>Here's how it will look when we're done:<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pe-images.s3.amazonaws.com\/photo-editing\/keystoning\/photoshop-keystoning.jpg\" alt=\"Repairing keystoning in Photoshop. Image &copy; 2009 Photoshop Essentials.com\" width=\"700\" height=\"358\" \/>\n<div class=\"image-desc\">The final result.<\/div>\n<p>Let's get started!<\/p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n.ads-middle { display: inline-block; width:300px; margin:6px 0px 24px 0px; padding-top: 16px; padding-bottom: 16px; }\n@media (max-width: 515px) { .ads-middle { margin:20px 0; } }\n@media (max-width: 480px) { .ads-middle { margin:20px 0; } }\n<\/style><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6601556224092982\"\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\n<!-- photo effects 300x250 middle responsive -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle ads-middle\"\n     style=\"display:block\"\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6601556224092982\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"4216941496\"\n     data-ad-format=\"rectangle\"\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<h4>Step 1: Duplicate The Background Layer<\/h4>\n<p>Before we do anything else, we should first make a copy of the original image which is sitting on the Background layer in the Layers palette. This is to avoid doing any damage to the original  in case we need it later. To duplicate the Background layer, go up to the <strong>Layer<\/strong> menu at the top of the screen, choose <strong>New<\/strong> and then choose <strong>Layer via Copy<\/strong>. Or, to save time, simply use the handy keyboard shortcut <strong>Ctrl+J<\/strong> (Win) \/ <strong>Command+J<\/strong> (Mac). Either way tells Photoshop to make a copy of the Background layer for us, and if we look in the Layers palette, we can see that we now have two layers. The original Background layer is on the bottom, and a copy of the layer, which Photoshop automatically named \"Layer 1\", is  sitting directly above it:<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pe-images.s3.amazonaws.com\/photo-editing\/keystoning\/photoshop-layers-palette.gif\" alt=\"The Layers palette in Photoshop CS4. Image &copy; 2009 Photoshop Essentials.com.\" width=\"309\" height=\"222\" \/>\n<div class=\"image-desc\">Duplicate the Background layer to avoid damaging the original image.<\/div>\n<h4>Step 2: Open The Lens Correction Filter<\/h4>\n<p>Now that we're working on a copy of the  image, let's bring up the Lens Correction filter by going up to the <strong>Filter<\/strong> menu at the top of the screen, choosing <strong>Distort<\/strong> and then choosing <strong>Lens Correction<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pe-images.s3.amazonaws.com\/photo-editing\/keystoning\/filter-distort-lens-correction.gif\" alt=\"Selecting the Lens Correction filter from the Filter menu in Photoshop. Image &copy; 2009 Photoshop Essentials.com.\" width=\"402\" height=\"207\" \/>\n<div class=\"image-desc\">Go to Filter &gt; Distort &gt; Lens Correction.<\/div>\n<h4>Step 3: Straighten The Image If Needed<\/h4>\n<p>Photoshop's large Lens Correction dialog box appears, with a few tools along the left, a large preview area in the middle and several options for correcting lens problems along the right. Before we fix our keystoning problem, we should take care of a couple of other potential problems first which will the make it easier for us to fix the keystoning. To start with, let's make sure the image is straight. We can do that using the <strong>Straighten Tool<\/strong>, which is the second tool from the top on the left side of the dialog box. Click on it to select it. Then simply click and drag across something in the image that should be straight, either horizontally or vertically. I'm going to click across the roof on the left side of the building in my photo. When you release your mouse button, Photoshop will rotate the image inside the preview area to straighten it (assuming it was crooked). If you find that the grid is making it difficult to see what you're doing, you can turn it off temporarily by unchecking the <strong>Show Grid<\/strong> option at the bottom of the dialog box:<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pe-images.s3.amazonaws.com\/photo-editing\/keystoning\/straighten-image.jpg\" alt=\"Straightening the image in the Lens Correction dialog box in Photoshop. Image &copy; 2009 Photoshop Essentials.com.\" width=\"598\" height=\"449\" \/>\n<div class=\"image-desc\">Click and drag with the Straighten Tool across something in the image that should be straight.<\/div>\n<p>If you need to zoom in on the image, press <strong>Ctrl++<\/strong> (Win) \/ <strong>Command++<\/strong> (Mac), or to zoom out, press <strong>Ctrl+-<\/strong> (Win) \/ <strong>Command+-<\/strong> (Mac). If, while zoomed in, you need to move the image around inside the preview area, simply hold down your <strong>spacebar<\/strong> which gives you temporary access to the <strong>Hand Tool<\/strong>, then click and drag the image to move it.<\/p>\n<h4>Step 4: Fix Any Barrel Or Pincushion Distortion<\/h4>\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n.photoedit-middle { display: inline-block; width:300px; height:250px; float:right; margin: 6px 0px 12px 20px; }\n@media (max-width: 767px) { .photoedit-middle { display: none; } }\n<\/style><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<!-- photoedit-rectangle-middle -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle photoedit-middle\"     \n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6601556224092982\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"6428689099\"\n     data-ad-format=\"rectangle\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n<p>Sometimes a photo can suffer from what's called <strong>barrel <\/strong>distortion where the image appears to bulge out from its center as if it's being wrapped around a sphere, or  from <strong>pincushion<\/strong> distortion, the exact opposite problem where it appears to be pinched in towards the center. Not all images have one of these problems but if yours does, it's best to correct it before attempting to fix the keystoning. There's a couple of different ways to do this. One is to click on the <strong>Remove Distortion Tool<\/strong>, which is the top tool on the left of the dialog box, then simply click and drag inside the image with your mouse. Drag towards the center of the image to correct any barrel distortion, or drag away from the center  to correct any pincushioning: <\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pe-images.s3.amazonaws.com\/photo-editing\/keystoning\/remove-distortion-tool.gif\" alt=\"Selecting the Remove Distortion Tool in the Lens Correction dialog box. Image &copy; 2009 Photoshop Essentials.com.\" width=\"120\" height=\"181\" \/>\n<div class=\"image-desc\">Click on the Remove Distortion Tool, then click and drag inside the image to remove barrelling or pincushioning if needed.<\/div>\n<p>You can  accomplish the same thing with the <strong>Remove Distortion <\/strong>slider at the top of the column on the right. Drag the slider towards the left to correct pincushioning, or drag it to the right to correct barrelling. Regardless of the method you choose, make sure you don't drag too far otherwise you'll end up causing the  opposite problem that you're correcting. You'll probably find the grid helpful when trying to fix these problems, so check the <strong>Show Grid<\/strong> option at the bottom of the dialog box to turn it back on if you turned it off in the previous step:<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pe-images.s3.amazonaws.com\/photo-editing\/keystoning\/remove-distortion.jpg\" alt=\"The Remove Distortion slider in the Lens Correction dialog box in Photoshop CS4. Image &copy; 2009 Photoshop Essentials.com.\" width=\"655\" height=\"450\" \/>\n<div class=\"image-desc\">Drag the Remove Distortion slider towards the left to correct pincushioning or the right to correct barrelling.<\/div>\n<p>If you've gone too far and need to reset the image, just enter  value of <strong>0<\/strong> into the Remove Distortion input box directly above the slider.<\/p>\n<p>Now that we've made sure the image is straight and we've removed any distortion, let's fix our keystoning problem. We'll do that next!<\/p>\n<h4>Step 5: Drag The Vertical Perspective Slider To Correct The Keystoning<\/h4>\n<p>Near the bottom of the column on the right of the Lens Correction dialog box is an option called <strong>Vertical Perspective<\/strong>, and all we need to do to correct our keystoning problem is drag the Vertical Perspective slider either left or right. For images where the building looks like it's leaning backwards, you'll want to drag the slider towards the left. As you do, you'll see the image in the preview area appear to tilt forward. The further you drag the slider, the more the image will tilt and as it does, the sides of the building will appear to straighten themselves out. Keep an eye on the sides of the building as you drag the slider and compare them with the vertical lines in the grid. When the grid lines and the building sides appear parallel to each other, you've corrected the keystoning:<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pe-images.s3.amazonaws.com\/photo-editing\/keystoning\/vertical-perspective-slider.jpg\" alt=\"Adjusting the Vertical Perspective slider in the Lens Correction dialog box. Image &copy; 2009 Photoshop Essentials.com\" width=\"700\" height=\"436\" \/>\n<div class=\"image-desc\">Compare the building sides with the vertical grid lines as you drag the Vertical Perspective slider. Stop when the grid lines and the sides appear parallel.<\/div>\n<p>If you need to move the grid around to line it up with one of the sides of the building, select the <strong>Move Grid Tool<\/strong> directly below the Straighten Tool on the left of the dialog box, then click and drag inside the preview area to move the grid as needed.<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pe-images.s3.amazonaws.com\/photo-editing\/keystoning\/move-grid-tool.gif\" alt=\"The Move Grid Tool in the Lens Correction dialog box in Photoshop CS4. Image &copy; 2009 Photoshop Essentials.com\" width=\"118\" height=\"182\" \/>\n<div class=\"image-desc\">Move the grid around inside the preview area if needed with the Move Grid Tool.<\/div>\n<h4>Step 6: Set The Edge Option To Either Transparency Or Background Color<\/h4>\n<p>By tilting the image forward, we've created a lot of blank space along the bottom of the image. We need to tell Photoshop how we want to deal with that blank space, and we do that using the <strong>Edge<\/strong> option at the bottom of the right column, below the Vertical Perspective slider. By default, the Edge option is set to <strong>Transparency<\/strong>, which fills the blank area with a grid pattern (which is how Photoshop displays transparency). You can leave it set to Transparency if you like or you can select <strong>Background Color<\/strong>, which fills the blank area with your current background color. There's also a third option, <strong>Edge Extension<\/strong>, which I highly recommend you don't use. Personally, I prefer to select Background Color because it makes it easier to see where the image needs to be cropped, which we'll be doing in a moment:<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pe-images.s3.amazonaws.com\/photo-editing\/keystoning\/background-color.gif\" alt=\"Setting the Edge option in the Lens Correction dialog box in Photoshop CS4. Image &copy; 2009 Photoshop Essentials.com\" width=\"323\" height=\"259\" \/>\n<div class=\"image-desc\">Choose either \"Transparency\" or \"Background Color\" for the Edge option.<\/div>\n<p>Click OK in the top right corner of the dialog box when you're done to exit out of it and Photoshop applies your adjustments to the image. Here's my photo after correcting the keystoning. The sides of the building are now parallel and it no longer looks like its leaning backwards. Notice that the blank area along the bottom has been filled with black which is my current background color. If you set your Edge option to Transparency, you'll see the bottom of the original image on the Background layer showing through:<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pe-images.s3.amazonaws.com\/photo-editing\/keystoning\/image-keystoning-corrected.jpg\" alt=\"The image after correcting keystoning with the Lens Correction filter. Image &copy; 2009 Photoshop Essentials.com\" width=\"700\" height=\"343\" \/>\n<div class=\"image-desc\">The sides of the building now appear parallel.<\/div>\n<h4>Step 7: Apply The Free Transform Command If Needed<\/h4>\n<p>You may find at this point that the building looks a little short and stubby. In other words, it doesn't seem quite as tall as it should be. If that's the case, press <strong>Ctrl+T<\/strong> (Win) \/ <strong>Command+T<\/strong> (Mac) on your keyboard to quickly bring up the <strong>Free Transform<\/strong> box and handles around the image.  Press the letter <strong>F<\/strong> to switch to <strong>Full Screen mode<\/strong> if you're currently working in a document window so you can see what you're doing, then click on the bottom handle and drag it down a short ways to stretch the image vertically until the building looks the way it should. Press <strong>Enter<\/strong> (Win) \/ <strong>Return<\/strong> (Mac) when you're done to accept the change:<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pe-images.s3.amazonaws.com\/photo-editing\/keystoning\/photoshop-free-transform.jpg\" alt=\"Stretching the image vertically with the Free Transform command in Photoshop. Image &copy; 2009 Photoshop Essentials.com\" width=\"700\" height=\"367\" \/>\n<div class=\"image-desc\">Drag the bottom Free Transform handle downward to stretch the image vertically if needed, making the building appear taller.<\/div>\n<h4>Step 8: Crop The Image<\/h4>\n<p>As a final step, we need to crop away all the unwanted areas along the bottom and the sides. For that, we'll use Photoshop's <strong>Crop Tool<\/strong>. Select it from the Tools palette or simply press the letter <strong>C<\/strong> on your keyboard to select it with the shortcut:<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pe-images.s3.amazonaws.com\/photo-editing\/keystoning\/photoshop-crop-tool.gif\" alt=\"Selecting the Crop Tool in Photoshop. Image &copy; 2009 Photoshop Essentials.com\" width=\"78\" height=\"155\" \/>\n<div class=\"image-desc\">Select the Crop Tool.<\/div>\n<p>Then, with the Crop Tool selected, click and drag out a cropping border. Everything inside the border will be kept while everything outside of it will be cropped away. Once you have an initial cropping border, use the handles on the top, bottom, sides or corners to fine-tune it until you've selected the area you want to keep:<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pe-images.s3.amazonaws.com\/photo-editing\/keystoning\/cropping-border.jpg\" alt=\"Drawing a cropping border with the Crop Tool in Photoshop. Image &copy; 2009 Photoshop Essentials.com\" width=\"700\" height=\"344\" \/>\n<div class=\"image-desc\">Drag a cropping border around the area you want to keep.<\/div>\n<p>Before you crop the image, go up to the <strong>Options Bar<\/strong> at the top of the screen and select the <strong>Hide<\/strong> option. This way, rather than deleting the area that gets cropped away, Photoshop will simply hide it, allowing you to undo the crop later and restore the entire image if you ever need to go back to the PSD file to access the original image on the Background layer (to restore the image after cropping it, go up to the <strong>Image<\/strong> menu and choose <strong>Reveal All<\/strong>):<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pe-images.s3.amazonaws.com\/photo-editing\/keystoning\/hide-crop-option.gif\" alt=\"Choosing the Hide option from the Options Bar with the Crop Tool selected. Image &copy; 2009 Photoshop Essentials.com\" width=\"672\" height=\"49\" \/>\n<div class=\"image-desc\">Select Hide in the Options Bar to hide the cropped area rather than delete it.<\/div>\n<p>Press <strong>Enter<\/strong> (Win) \/ <strong>Return<\/strong> (Mac) to crop the image, and you're done! Here's the original photo once again for comparison:<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pe-images.s3.amazonaws.com\/photo-editing\/keystoning\/brescia-university-college.jpg\" alt=\"A photo suffering from keystoning in Photoshop. Image &copy; 2009 Steve Patterson.\" width=\"700\" height=\"344\" \/>\n<div class=\"image-desc\">The original image once again.<\/div>\n<p>And here, after straightening the photo, repairing any barrel or pincushion distortion and fixing the keystoning problem, all within  Photoshop's  Lens Correction dialog box, is my final result:<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pe-images.s3.amazonaws.com\/photo-editing\/keystoning\/photoshop-keystoning.jpg\" alt=\"Repairing keystoning in Photoshop. Image &copy; 2009 Photoshop Essentials.com\" width=\"700\" height=\"358\" \/>\n<div class=\"image-desc\">The final result.<\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n.ads-bottom { width:300px; padding-top:16px;padding-bottom:16px; }\n<\/style><div align=\"center\"><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6601556224092982\"\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\n<!-- 300x250 page bottom responsive -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle ads-bottom\"\n     style=\"display:block\"\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6601556224092982\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"2879809098\"\n     data-ad-format=\"rectangle\"\n\t data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script><\/div>\n<p>And there we have it! That's how to correct perspective problems in an image using the Lens Correction filter in Photoshop! Check out our <a href=\"\/photo-editing\/\">Photo Retouching<\/a> section for more Photoshop image editing tutorials!<\/p>\n<p><div class=\"members-ad\"><a href=\"\/print-ready-pdfs\/\">Get all of our Photoshop tutorials as PDFs!<\/a> Download them today!<\/div><br \/>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tired of the buildings in your photos looking like they&#8217;re leaning backwards? That&#8217;s a common perspective problem known as keystoning, but Photoshop&#8217;s powerful Lens Correction filter, first introduced in Photoshop CS2, makes it easy to fix! We can even take care of a few other potential image problems along the way, all with the same filter!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11151,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-989","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-photo-editing"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Perspective Correction In Photoshop - Repairing Keystoning<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Tired of the buildings in your photos looking like they&#039;re leaning backwards? 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